Improvement in looms



I 4 sheets-sheet 1.

W. RIDING.

- Loom. .1. No. 198,156. -Patented Dec. 11,1877.

' 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. RIDING..

' Loom. No. 198,156. Pate'nted Dec. 11,1877.

4 eeeeeeeeeeeeee W. RIDING. Loo-m.

No. 198,156. Patented 06cm, 1877.

a I 0 1 v 'g" v 0 I, 0 v Q 0 N T A 6 Q Z 1% UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

WILLIAM RIDING, or NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT l N,LOOMS.

Specif cation forming part of Letters Patent No. 19 8,156, datedDecember 11, 1877 application filed September 8, 1877;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I; WILLIAM RIDING, of Norristown, in the county ofMontgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Looms; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and useit, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part ofthis specification, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a lay ofa loom with my improvements attached thereto.

Fig. 2 is a rear view of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse verticalsection of the lay in its forward position, showing the reed unlockedand free to swing; Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section of thelaymidway on its return motion,

showing the reed locked. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of thelay-on its forward motion, showing the shuttle in one of the boxes andthe reed locked. Fig. 6is a broken transverse vertical section of thelay, showing the position of the cam H and arm Gr when the reed isunlocked. Fig. 7 is a similar section of the same parts, showing thereed locked. Fig. 8 is a perspective,partly broken. away, of the upperpart of the lay of a 16cm,

with a modification of my improvements ap plied thereto as adapted tolooms without swell-fingers. Fig. 9 is a broken transverse verticalsection of the same. Fig. 1 0 is a broken side elevation of a loom withmy improved running-gear applied'the'reto. Fig. 11 is a transversevertical section of a loom with my improvements for preventing theshuttle from flying out front. Fig. 12 is a perspective of the latterimprovements. 7

The first part of my improvements has for its object the prevention ofsmashes in weaving. 1 3 Myimprovements have for their further object toprovide for the ready removal of the reed without taking off thelay-cap, to cause the lay to dwell when the shuttle is coming 'home, andto eifect the rapid starting and stoppage of the loom at proper times.

My invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts, as hereinafter fully set forth.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

the brackets. move up and down as upon ways or in guides,

A represents the lay of a loom, and A its cap, I

ing arms 0 c, recessed at c for the reception of the tongues or ribs (1onbrackets BB ,formed on or attached to the swords A or the backboardmay slide in suitable. ways formed on The bar 0 is thus allowed to so asto lock and release the reed B, as hereinafter set forth. Said reed B isheldin the groove a by a slide,a, attached to the lay-cap A by screws apassing through slotted openings in said slide, and by springs afastened to the lay-cap at a By simply moving this slide upon theretaining-screws, the reed may be easily inserted in or removed from itsgroove a. The slide also prevents the bar b from binding,the slide andsprings being adapted to yield against any tendency to bind.

c are slots or grooves formed in the arms or pendants c, for thereception of the ends of the arms 0' G, which are secured to therock-shaft or protection-rod D, which has its bearings in hangers d d,secured to the front of the lay, as shown.

E E are other arms, secured to the shaft or rod 1), having their upperextremities curved or bent so as to impinge against the swell-fingers e,which are hinged at c to the shuttleboxes F. I

Gris still another arm, secured to the shaft 1 or rod D at g, projectingrearwardly under the lay, as shown, in line with the side frames of ithe loom, so that the anti-friction roller 9?,

with .which It may be provided will ride upon the cam or ridge formed onor attached to said frame, said cam being shown at H.

I is another arm, attached to the shaft or rod D designed to strike thestop-rod K when the shuttle is not home in one of theboxesat the .righttime.

The bar (3 is of suflicient lengthto lap upon and serve to hold fast thehinged backs F F of the shuttle-boxes when said bar is elevated, ashereinafter set forth.

L represents the crank-shaft, and l l the cranks and pitmen are soadjusted with reference to the lay that the latter will dwell when theformer are moving from their lower to their upper back center, the rearends of. the

pitmen swinging with-the cranks from theircenters on the pivots 0 Themotion of the cranks while the lay dwells, as, stated, iSsShGWIJ: indotted lines in Fig. 4.

When the lay is beating up the weft the shuttleshould be in one of theboxes. F, and when thus in its box the swell-finger of said box ispushed by it outwardly against the adjacent arm E, causing the shaft orrod D so tobe turned or rocked as to throw upthearms- C O and elevatethe bar 0, thusnnaking fast or looking the pivoted reed; 13.. Should theshuttle, vhowever, at this time be upon: the race,'instead of in one ofthe boxes, the arms E E will push the swell-fingers intotheirboxes, themovement of said arms. being caused by the'rocking of the shaft or rodD,produced by the weight of thefbar O on thefarms O" (7). Or, in otherwords, if the shuttle--v bein its proper placein theibox at the timeindicated, it will, by preventing the yielding of the swell-finger, andthe inward movement of the arms EE, hold the bar 0 elevated and keep theswinging reed locked. But if it be not in one of the boxes at thattime,the. bar G willfmove down. by its own gravity, the arms E'then meetingwithno resistanceback of the swell-fingers, and the reed' willbeffree toswing back andallow the shnttle-toescape. When, however, the shuttle 'ispicked. and leaves its box, the bar 0 is then; prevented: fromdescending far enough toclear'the bottom; of the reed, by'reason of theanti-friction. roller g mounting the cam. or swellf H on. the.

frameB as the lay continues to move back,

thuskeeping the arms 0' Cf elevated,and-.the.

sliding bar G sufficiently raised to: lock the reed while the shuttle ismoving across the race.

When the shuttle does not come home at the right time, the bar 0 slidesdown. and the reedBisthen free to 'swingbackwardly, thus.

allowing egress. for the shuttle, and. avoidin g, a. smash. Thedownward-movement of the bar.

0 also leaves the hinged backs F F- of the boxes F F free to swingbackwardly, thus further facilitating the recession, of, the. shut,- tlefrom the race. 7

. The contactlof thecams. H with the. roller gf'has the, effect ofrocking the shaft D-in such.

manner-as tocause'the arms tobe drawn,

away from the swells c e, (which, withmy im-v provements, m aybeun'providedwith. springs,) so, that when, the shuttle is being.pickedsitis not clamped by said fingers, but isfree to receive andacquire thefull force of the blow on stroke of the picker, and is,thusenabled to travellwithgreater momentum. and rapidity, accomplishing,a j higher number of, picks per, minute" than is possible in looms of,the com.- mon-constructiom I for the shuttle to come home to it's. placein the box than if such provision were not made, while at the same timethe speed of the crankpicks. per minute. decreased. l Ihave describedtheforegoing improvements as applied to a loom having swell-fingers and agprotection rod on the front of the shuttle-box, but they are equallyapplicable to looms the shuttle-boxes of which have no swell-fingers, Ybut are provided with a protection-rod located in the rear of saidshuttle-boxes. I The application of my improvements to looms of thislatter construction is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, wherein R is theprotection- 2 rod, sustained in boxes 4" r on the lay-swords A A ,,and SSare, the arms. secured thereto, curved or bent at their upperextremities,

boxes F F, so. as. to impinge against the shuttle. T is the sliding bar,which. looks the, :reed, and U' U the arms, by means of which it istsustained, said armsere'stingv on other short :arms '1. '23, fast on'theprotection-rod R, the arms U U beingpivotedin bearings u u: secured tothe front of the race or lay. w

The other parts of the loom, notably the arm R? with roller 7: and cam:13?, with the ,modifications just described, willbe substantially thesame. as-those first above mentioned,'. gand' the: operation willproduce the same rejsults asthose already set forth-namely, the: ireedwill be lockedv when the-shuttle is propierly moving across the race,and when. said, shuttle oomeshome at theright time toitsplace gin theboxes, while said reed will be released gby thedownwardmovement ofthe'shdingbar, iand allowed to swing back for the escape of Etheshuttle, if the latter does 'not come home-v gor reach, its place intheboxes at the proper fitime.

Forheavy looms, an additional shaft, V, haviing, a gear-wheel, o,meshing with thepinion, L. on the crank L,may beemployed.

; When the. shaft V is employed, the pulley Iill thereon for thedriving-belt may be but half- ;the size of that usually. employedonthecrankshaft L,as,.for instance, where. apulley twenty ;in.ches-.indiameter has been employed on-said ,beused onthe supplemental shaft V.,This gwill give, say,twice the ordinary speedltosaid shaft V-i. 6.,twice theordinary speed of the crank-shaftandcorrespondingly quicken theshipping of the runnin gbelt onto the pulley v. This will insure thealmostinstantaneous start ing of the loom by the power used for drivingit, and dispense with. the weavers assisting said startin g. by hand,as has, been'heretofore found j necessary. So, too, ,as there isenobanging with a. loom'of. this construction, and. as. theunshippingofithe belt owingto-thesmallsize and. rapid; motion ofthcpulley v, is almost :instantly efiected, all backlashv is avoided: Inevery case the shaftV should begeared so as tomove much. faster-4'. 6.,make morerev- The dwell of the lay permits. a longer time shaft is notdiminished, nor the number of which enter openings f f in the-back ofthe Eshaft L,,onc ofT. butten inchesdiameter need 19s,1 5e V 3 olutionsper minute-than the crank-shaft L;

in practice, I should say, three to four times as fast as the latter. Afurther object of my invention is to prevent the shuttle from flying outat the front of the loom, breaking the yarn or warp, and endangering thelife and person of the weaver. This part of my invention consists in theprovision of a bar, which rests upon the yarns,

. above the race, in such a position as to prevent the shuttle fromflying out front, said bar being so arranged andoperated that it will bein the described position while the shuttle is being picked and movingacross the race, but

will be lifted up fiom the yarns, so as to leave free access to thelatter by the weaver when the shuttle is resting in the box.

In Figs. 11 and 12 of the accompanying drawings, W represents a barparallel with the race, and sustained upon two curved arms, w w, whichare secured to a rock-shaft, W, having bearings in or upon the swordsA wis an arm, having at one end an eye or collar, w, and set-screw w, bymeans of which it is secured to the shaft W, and at .the other end ananti-friction roller, M. w is another arm, rigidly secured to the shaftW, andXis a spiral. spring, (ora weight may be employed instead,)fastened to said arm, and to one of the swords A at ac. The object ofthis spring is to keep the shaft W in such a position that the bar Wwill be held elevated from the yarns when not depressed by the means nowto be described. 7

Y is a cam or eccentric on the shaft L, and Z a lever pivoted at z tothe frame-piece B and extending forwardly so as to rest on said shaft L.The forward end of said lever is rounded, as shown at z. Whenthe laymoves back, the roller "w meets the lever Z and rides upon it, saidlever being then raised by the cam or eccentric Y on the shaft L. Thiscauses the shaft W to be rocked and the bar W to be lowered upon the.yarns. The shuttle is now picked, the bar W remaining in the loweredposition, just described, until the shuttle has crossed the race. By thetime the shuttle has passed over the race the cam Yhas moved from underthe lever Z, allowing the latter to fall and the shaft W to be rockedunder the influence of the spring or weight X, causing the bar W to beraised from the yarns and out of the way of the weaver, if he-wish toobtain access to said yarns. Before every pick the barW is lowered, andafter every pick it is elevated, as described.

I have illustrated 'the parts just described 4 and shown in Figs. 11 and12 as in position for operation when the pick is made with the crank onthe lower center; but said parts may be arranged to operate in the samemanner and with like results when the shuttleis picked with the crank onthe upper center, by placing the cam or eccentric Y on the opposite sideof the shaft L--i. 6., diametrically opposite the position shown.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination of the lay-cap A,having groove a, the removable reed B, and retaining-slide a,substantially as described.

2. In combination with the pivoted or swin ging reed B, the bar 0,sustained upon arms 0 O, rock-shaft or rod D, arms E 'G, swells e, andcam H, the several parts being constructed and arranged substantially asdescribed, whereby the reed is locked and the swell-fingers relievedupon the back-stroke of the lay, and the locking device is, upon thebeat up, placed under the control of the boxswell, as and for thepurpose specified.

3. The bar W, located above and parallel with the race, and adapted tobe moved down I to rest upon the yarns, as and for the purposedescribed, in combination with the shaft W,

curved arms 20 w, lever 20 and a cam for actuating said bar, as setforth.

4:. In combination with the bar W, the shaft W, having arms w, 10 and 10spring or weight X, lever Z, and shaft L, having cam'or eccentric Y, theseveral parts being constructed and operating substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this24th day of April, 1877.

WILLIAM RIDING.

Witnesses:

GEO. O. fSHELMERDINE, M. DANL. GoNNoLLY.

